To pinpoint which Akt isoform is important to the EZH2-induced phenotype we investigated the result of EZH2 around the expression and phosphorylation of Akt isoforms 1, two, and 3 on benign and breast cancer cells. EZH2 overexpression in MCF10A cells improved Akt-1 protein but did not influence Akt-2 or Akt-3 expression or phosphorylation, in contrast to controls . Consistently, CAL51/EZH2 KD cells exhibited decreased Akt-1 phosphorylation at Ser473 compared to scrambled controls . Reciprocal co-immunoprecipitation showed that EZH2 was able to right interact with Akt-1 in MCF10A cells . These information led us to hypothesize that Akt-1 might mediate the observed EZH2-induced phenotype. We next investigated the precise contribution of each Akt isoform to EZH2-induced functions by independent siRNA knockdown of Akt-1, Akt-2 and Akt-3 followed by Dox therapy to induce EZH2 overexpression .
Precise inhibition of Akt-1 decreased EZH2-induced BRCA1 nuclear export. In contrast, knockdown of Akt-2 or Akt-3 had no impact . Akt-1 isoform full article was expected for EZH2-induced genomic instability and abnormal mitosis. siRNA inhibition of Akt-1 completely prevented EZH2- induced polyploidy and mitotic defects . Akt-2 and Akt-3 proteins were dispensable for EZH2-induced polyploidy . Likewise, Akt3 expression was not necessary for EZH2 impact on abnormal mitosis . Interestingly, Akt-2 KD blunted mitosis in MCF10A cells independent of EZH2 expression . Even more supporting the role of Akt pathway on BRCA1 localization and genomic instability, pharmacological inhibition of PI3K/Akt implementing LY294002 or Wortmannin prevented the EZH2-induced phenotype .
Altogether, these final results immediately demonstrate that activation of PI3K/Akt-1 pathway is crucial BAF312 for EZH2-induced BRCA1 nuclear export, aneuploidy, and mitotic defects in benign breast cells. EZH2 overexpression is linked to greater Akt-1 phosphorylation and decreased pBRCA1 nuclear localization in human invasive breast carcinomas To examine irrespective of whether this regulation also exists in tumor tissues, we compared the levels of EZH2, pAkt-1, and also the expression and localization of pBRCA1 in 138 tumors by immunostaining. Consistent with our observations in cell cultures, upregulation of EZH2 was considerably associated with upregulation of pAkt-1 and decreased nuclear amounts of pBRCA1 protein . Of the 138 tumors 86 exhibited reciprocal expression of EZH2 and pBRCA1 proteins had large EZH2 and low nuclear pBRCA1, and 37 had very low EZH2 and high nuclear pBRCA1), Fisherˉs exact test, p<0.
005 . Invasive breast carcinomas with high EZH2 and large pAkt-1 significantly showed lower nuclear pBRCA1 expression, even though these tumors with low EZH2 and minimal pAkt-1 exhibited higher pBRCA1 expression, Fisherˉs exact test, p=0.03 .