Microb Drug Resist 2000, 6:189–97.PubMedCrossRef 21. Murchan S, Kaufmann ME, Deplano A, De Ryck R, Struelens M, Zinn CE, Fussing V, Salmenlinna S, Vuopio-Varkila J, El Solh N, Cuny C, Witte W, Tassios PT, Legakis N, Van Leeuwen W, Van Belkum A, Vindel A, Laconcha I, Garaizar J, Haeggman S, Olsson-Liljequist B, Ransjo U, Coombes G, Cookson SBI-0206965 nmr B: Harmonization of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis protocols for epidemiological typing of strains of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus : a single approach developed by

consensus in 10 European laboratories and its application for tracing the spread of related strains. J Clin Microbiol 2003, 41:1574–85.PubMedCrossRef 22. Van Belkum A, Tassios PT, Dijkshoorn L, Haeggman S, Cookson B, Fry NK, Fussing V, Green J, Feil E, Gerner-Smidt P, Brisse S, Struelens M: Guidelines for the validation and application of typing methods for use in bacterial epidemiology. Clin Microbiol Infect 2007, 13:1–46.PubMedCrossRef 23.

Milheirico C, Oliveira DC, De Lencastre H: Update to the multiplex PCR strategy for assignment of mec element types in Staphylococcus aureus . Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2007, 51:3374–77.PubMedCrossRef 24. Oliveira DC, De Lencastre H: Multiplex PCR strategy for rapid identification of structural types and variants of the mec element in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus . Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2002, 46:2155–61.PubMedCrossRef 25. Enright MC, Day Selleck Ferrostatin-1 NP, Davies CE, selleck products Peacock SJ, Spratt BG: Multilocus sequence typing for characterization of methicillin-resistant and methicillin-susceptible clones of Staphylococcus aureus . J Clin Microbiol 2000, 38:1008–15.PubMed 26. Frénay HM, Bunschoten AE, Schouls LM, Van Leeuwen WJ, Vandenbroucke-Grauls CM, Verhoef J, Mooi

FR: Molecular typing of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus on the basis of protein A gene polymorphism. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 1996, 15:60–64.PubMedCrossRef 27. Wichelhaus TA, Böddinghaus B, Besier S, Shäfer V, Brade V, Ludwigh A: Biological cost of rifampin resistance from the perspective of Staphylococcus aureus . Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2002, 46:3381–85.PubMedCrossRef 28. Cuevas O, Cercenado E, Vindel A, Guinea J, Sanchez-Conde M, MK-1775 research buy Sanchez-Somolinos M, Bouza E: Evolution of the antimicrobial resistance of Staphylococcus spp. in Spain: five nationwide prevalence studies, 1986 to 2002. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2004, 48:4240–45.PubMedCrossRef 29. Perez-Roth E, Lorenzo-Diaz F, Batista N, Moreno A, Mendez Alvarez S: Tracking methicillin-resistant S. aureus clones during a 5-year period (1998 to 2002) in a Spanish hospital. J Clin Microbiol 2004, 42:4649–56.PubMedCrossRef 30.