The presence of ankyrin G seems to be required for the acquisition and maintenance of the cisternal organelle, while the integrity of the actin

cytoskeleton must be maintained for the expression IP(3)R1 and annexin 6 to persist in the AIS. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.”
“A highly efficient three-component reaction of 2-formyl benzoic acid, ammonia and 4-hydroxycoumarin or indole in water was developed. With this highly environmentally click here benign protocol, a series of isoindolinone derivatives were efficiently produced in good to excellent yields.”
“In the ant species Tetramorium caespitum, collective foraging relies on group mass communication in which successful scouts lay a recruitment trail but also guide a group of nestmates to the food source. We conducted experiments to understand how group leaders may improve the success of recruits in reaching the food source and whether they adjust their leading behaviour to their audience, that is, to the following response of recruits along the foraging journey. We characterized the trajectories of leaders by measuring their straightness, angular deviation, maximal amplitude and walking speed. Trajectometric values highlighted that a straight path coupled with a slow walking speed increased the probability of followers reaching the food whereas

leaders that walked at higher speed and deviated far learn more from the food-nest beeline were more likely to lose recruits. Leaders did not seem to heed their audience since they did not reduce their speed or their path sinuosity after the loss of a recruit along their outbound journey. Information transfer about food resources by T. caespitum leaders is thus targeted towards a restricted number of recruits but without the informed individuals exerting any control over

the following response of their audience. S3I-201 We discuss strengths and weaknesses of group recruitment compared with simpler or more sophisticated forms of information sharing and we debate the status of group recruiters regarding the concept of leadership in animal groups. (C) 2014 The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“Objectives: The increasing number of older adults with dementia is a large and growing public health problem. Alzheimer’s disease, the prevailing form of dementia, is projected to quadruple worldwide. To date, the care and social integration of individuals with dementia is complicated by limited collaborations between biomedicine and other disciplines. The objective of this paper is therefore to reflect on the orientation of biomedicine with regard to the science of dementia, and to articulate a path for moving forward.