In the present paper

we report a rare case of chronic rhinocerebral mucormycosis. An 85-year-old male with a 6-month history of purulent and odorous nasal discharge, and sporadic episodes of epistaxis and anosmia, presented to the outpatient department of our clinic. Initial cultures were positive only for Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The patient was unresponsive to ciprofloxacin treatment, developing necrotic areas of the nasal septum suspicious for rhinocerebral mucormycosis. Histone Methyltransferase inhibitor Admission to the ENT clinic followed, with histopathologic evaluation of the vomer bone confirming the diagnosis. The patient was treated with amphotericin B and was discharged 3 weeks later on oral posaconazole therapy. Chronic rhinocerebral mucormycosis may present with atypical symptoms or coinfection with another agent. A high degree of clinical suspicion is required for correct diagnosis and prompt initiation of appropriate treatment. “
“Malassezia spp. form part of the normal human cutaneous flora and

are implicated in several mild, but recurrent cutaneous diseases, such as pityriasis versicolor, Malassezia folliculitis, seborrhoeic dermatitis, and, with lesser frequency, a range of selleckchem other dermatological disorders. Malassezia spp. have also been associated with cutaneous and systemic diseases in immunocompromised patients including folliculitis, seborrhoeic dermatitis, catheter-related fungaemia and a variety of deeply invasive infections. In this review, we provide an overview of the epidemiology, risk factors, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, treatment and outcome of cutaneous and invasive Malassezia infections in immunocompromised patients. Members of the genus Malassezia are opportunistic yeasts that belong to the basidiomycetous yeasts and are classified as the Malasseziales (Ustilaginomycetes, Basidiomycota). In 1996, the revision of the Malassezia genus classified the genus into seven species on the basis of morphology, ultrastructure, physiology Urocanase and molecular biology: M. globosa;

M. restricta; M. obtusa; M. slooffiae; M. sympodialis; M. furfur and the non-lipid dependent M. pachydermatis.1 Since then, however, further six new Malassezia spp. have been identified including M. dermatis, M. japonica, M. yamotoensis, M. caprae, M. nana and M. equina.2–5Malassezia spp. form part of the normal human cutaneous flora and are implicated in mild, but often recurrent cutaneous diseases such as pityriasis versicolor, Malassezia folliculitis, seborrhoeic dermatitis, and, with lesser frequency, a range of other dermatological disorders. In immunocompromised patients, Malassezia spp. may be associated with several skin conditions and systemic diseases, including folliculitis, seborrhoeic dermatitis, catheter-related fungaemia and sepsis and a variety of deeply invasive infections.