Here, we present an overview on the electrochemical methods devised for the treatment of pharmaceutical residues from both, synthetic solutions and real pharmaceutical Metabolism inhibitor wastewaters. Electrochemical separation technologies such as membrane technologies, electrocoagulation and internal micro-electrolysis, which only isolate the pollutants from water, are firstly introduced. The fundamentals and experimental set-ups involved in technologies that allow the degradation of pharmaceuticals, like anodic oxidation, electro-oxidation with active chlorine, electro-Fenton, photoelectro-Fenton and photoelectrocatalysis among others, are further discussed. Progress on the promising
solar photoelectro-Fenton process devised and further developed in our laboratory is especially highlighted and documented. The abatement of total organic carbon or reduction of chemical oxygen demand from contaminated waters allows the comparison between the different methods and materials. The routes for the degradation of the some pharmaceuticals are also presented.
(C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“BACKGROUND
This is the first well-controlled study of the use of botulinum toxin type A (BoNTA) for glabellar lines in China.
OBJECTIVES
To evaluate the safety and efficacy of BoNTA in the treatment of glabellar lines in Chinese subjects.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A total of 227 subjects received a single click here treatment in a 3:1 randomization
ratio of BoNTA (20 U):placebo and were observed for 120 days after injection. Effective outcome measures included investigator’s rating of wrinkle severity at maximum frown and rest and subjects’ global assessment and self-perception of age.
RESULTS
A significantly higher responder rate at maximum frown, ranging from 94.1% at day 30 to 52.9% at day 120, was noted in the BoNTA group. The proportion of subjects with none or mild glabellar lines at rest was 66.7% in the BoNTA group at day 30. Most (95.3%) of the subjects treated with BoNTA reported better than 50% improvement at day 30, and self-perception of age was less than chronological age. There were no statistically significant differences in adverse events reported between the two Anlotinib mw groups (p=.06).
CONCLUSION
A single treatment of 20 U of BoNTA was effective and safe in reducing glabellar lines in Chinese subjects.
GlaxoSmithKline provided funding and study material.”
“The reset osmostat syndrome, a form of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH), occurs when the threshold for antidiuretic hormone secretion is moved downward. There is evidence to suggest a “”reset osmostat phenomenon” in normal pregnancies, whereby the average plasma-osmolality is decreased by 5-10 mOsm/kg. We present a case of a non-physiologic reset osmostat in a pregnant patient, thought to be caused by large intracranial arteriovenous malformations and intraventricular hemorrhage.