The 3D scans were superimposed to determine postinjection changes in volume and thickness. Results Although there was little change in the noninjected side over the experimental period, the mean volume and thickness of the injected side Pexidartinib at each time point clearly and statistically significantly decreased between preinjection and 4, 8, and 12weeks postinjection. Conclusion Unilateral BoNT-A injection appears to be an effective esthetic treatment for patients with muscle-induced facial asymmetry.”
“Background: Ventriculostomy-associated infections are a serious

complication of external ventricular drains. The objective of this study was to analyze the clinical features of and risk factors for such infections.

Methods: PXD101 We retrospectively collected demographic and clinical

data on patients with indwelling ventriculostomy catheters hospitalized in a teaching hospital from July 2001 to June 2006, comparing those with and without ventriculostomy-associated infections.

Results: A total of 197 drains (2910 catheter-days) placed in 155 patients were studied. Infections developed in 28 of the 197 (14.2%) drains. The duration from insertion to infection ranged from 7 to 36 days. The cut-off point of duration from insertion to infection was 15.5 days. Re-insertion because of catheter malfunction carried a high risk of infection (p < 0.001). Patients with infections had a longer intensive care unit stay (p = 0.001), longer duration of catheterization BMN 673 (p = 0.002), and a higher incidence of concurrent sepsis (p = 0.018), urinary tract infection (p = 0.011) and pneumonia (p = 0.004). Gram-negative bacilli were the leading pathogens

(84%); Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the most common isolate. Polymicrobial infections occurred later than monomicrobial infections (p = 0.003).

Conclusions: Repeated insertion and longer duration of drains are major risk factors for ventriculostomy-associated infections. Crown Copyright (C) 2009 Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of International Society for Infectious Diseases. All rights reserved.”
“Objectives. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the volumetric changes of the maxillary sinus graft in conjunction with buccal fat pad (BFP) covering the lateral sinus wall.

Study design. In this article, the radiographic results are presented on 11 consecutively treated patients using an equal mixture of the autogenous bone harvested from the tuberosity and natural bone mineral (Bio-Oss) used to augment the maxillary sinus. Buccal fat pad was used over the lateral sinus wall in all cases as a membrane to cover the augmentation material. The mean initial bone height (IBH) was 3.82 mm as measured in the posterior maxilla. Three months after sinus elevation, radiographic evaluation was performed for the patients and secondary bone height was measured (SBH(1)). Fifty-two implants were placed in augmented sinuses. Prosthetic rehabilitation of the patients was done 4 months after inserting the implants.