The fasciculus cuneatus overlies CN and contains axons from primary afferents of GDC-0068 in vivo the forelimb and shoulder although cell bodies may also be found in this superficial region leading some investigators to include this region as a part of the rostral CN region (Bermejo et al., 2003). Since we did not distinguish between recordings made from axons or cell bodies while recording in the fasciculus, it is unknown whether the shoulder receptive

fields belonged to axons of cell bodies in the adjacent lateral or tail regions of CN or to more caudal sites within the central zone. Nonetheless, if shoulder reorganization occurred in the central zone of CN, it would likely be reflected, in part, within

the CO-rich central zone, which was not the finding for any post-amputation period examined in the present study. Our results clearly indicate that reorganization occurs differentially within the 3 separate zones. Almost immediately following amputation, there is a significant increase in new input from the body entering the medial zone and a significant increase in new input from the body and head/neck entering the lateral zone over post-deafferentation weeks. These findings are in contrast to the modest non-significant new input entering the central zone during post-amputation weeks. During post-deafferentation weeks 2–3, there is a slight increase in the area of the body representation within the central zone, but this increase does not reach significance during the period of study. AZD2281 cost Whether this increase during weeks 2 and 3 is meaningful or reflects the potential bias from the results of one rat remains to be determined. It is noteworthy, that no increases in new shoulder representation were found in any zone despite the fact that new shoulder representations are present in Adenosine the FBS beginning in post-amputation week 4 (Pearson et al., 2003). These findings of a paucity of new shoulder input to the central zone appear similar to CN physiological maps obtained at a comparable level to the obex following

neonatal (Lane et al., 2008) or embryonic (Rhoades et al., 1993) forelimb amputation. A number of similarities and differences exist between the present study and our previous report of delayed large-scale reorganization in FBS following forelimb amputation (Pearson et al., 2003). In deafferented cortex, we measured inputs only from the shoulder, while in deafferented CN, we also examined and measured inputs from the head/neck and body/chest. As a result, we do not know whether the reorganization of body parts other than the shoulder are expressed in barrel cortex. The shoulder representation in barrel cortex is located approximately 3 mm posterior to the forepaw representation, and we never encountered inputs from the shoulder or arm in the FBS in forelimb intact rats.