The histories of the cases and the novel technique of transoral articular mass screw and transpedicular screw insertion of C2 were reported in detail.

Results. The two case examples demonstrate the efficacy of this one-stage single transoral approach to the surgical treatment of irreducible anterior atlantoaxial dislocation with spinal cord

compression especially in the case of basilar invagination. The role of the TARP in affecting and maintaining the reduction while promoting successful fusion is illustrated.

Conclusion. The authors’ one-stage anterior procedure employing the TARP for the surgical treatment of irreducible anterior atlantoaxial dislocation and basilar invagination was effective in these check details two cases. This method was able to avoid the need for dens and clivus resection and/or a posterior instrumentation and fusion procedure. The technique of transoral articular mass screw and transpedicular screw insertion of C2 was valuable for transoral atlantoaxial plate internal fixation.”
“Objective. This study was designed to quantitatively evaluate

the amount of dentin debris extruded from the apical foramen by comparing the conventional sequence of the ProTaper Universal nickel-titanium (NiTi) files with the single-file ProTaper F2 technique.

Study design. Thirty mesial roots of lower molars were selected, and the use of different instrumentation techniques resulted in 3 groups (n =

10 each). In G1, a crown-down hand-file technique was used, and in G2 conventional ProTaper Universal technique was used. In G3, ProTaper F2 file SC79 order was used in a reciprocating DAPT inhibitor motion. The apical finish preparation was equivalent to ISO size 25. An apparatus was used to evaluate the apically extruded debris. Statistical analysis was performed using 1-way analysis of variance and Tukey multiple comparisons.

Results. No significant difference was found in the amount of the debris extruded between the conventional sequence of the ProTaper Universal NiTi files and the single-file ProTaper F2 technique (P > .05). In contrast, the hand instrumentation group extruded significantly more debris than both NiTi groups (P < .05).

Conclusions. The present results yielded favorable input for the F2 single-file technique in terms of apically extruded debris, inasmuch as it is the most simple and cost-effective instrumentation approach. (Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2010;110:390-394)”
“Gastroenteritis-related seizures have increasingly gained attention in recent years. Most cases follow a brief, benign course with very few episodes of seizure recurrence and without development of epilepsy. Published reports usually do not make a distinction between febrile and afebrile patients, and most authors include only nonfebrile convulsions in their reported series.