We also show that band-bending effects due to disorder are expected to significantly reduce the open-circuit voltage in organic photovoltaic devices, and we quantify the relationship between the amount of voltage loss and the degree of disorder.”
“The water vapor sorption behavior of a range of natural fibers (jute, flax, coir,
cotton, hemp, Sitka spruce) has been studied. The data were analyzed using the Hailwood Horrobin model for isotherm fitting and determination of monolayer moisture content. The Hailwood Horrobin model was found to provide good fits to the experimental data. The extent of hysteresis exhibited LDN-193189 datasheet between the adsorption and desorption SB203580 datasheet isotherms was dependent on fiber type studied and was larger with high lignin compared with low lignin content fibers. The area bounded by the hysteresis loop decreased as the isotherms were performed at progressively higher temperatures. This behavior is consistent with sorption interactions occurring with a glassy solid below the glass transition temperature. (C) 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 112: 1524-1537, 2009″
“We report the investigation of the (Ba,Sr)TiO3 (BST) system of technological importance for microwave applications. The development of the combinatorial method enabled us to grow and study a library of samples ranging from BaTiO3 to SrTiO3
(ST) deposited
on MgO substrate. The spatial control NSC23766 mouse of the stoichiometry and of the structure has been evidenced and probed using energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy, high resolution x-ray diffraction, and Raman spectroscopy. A global and coherent picture emerged from the complex interplay between the epitaxial/thermal stress and stoichiometry changes. Taking into account elastic interactions with the substrate we present subtle symmetry changes in the BST library in comparison with the bulk phase diagram such as tetragonal distortion observed on the ST side. Finally underdamped soft mode hardening and polar modes are detected on the high barium and strontium compositions, respectively, highlighting fundamental dynamical/structural differences with their bulk counterparts.”
“The swellability and mass loss of poly(vinyl alcohol)-graft-[poly(rac-lactide)/poly(rac-lactide-co-glycolide)] hydrogels upon hydrolysis are strongly affected by the composition of the hydrogels. Hydrophobic hydrogels remain at a relatively constant mass for a couple of weeks, and the mass decreases dramatically thereafter, whereas more hydrophilic hydrogels lose mass right from the beginning. All hydrogels display water uptake values between 90 and 280% within 8 weeks. For longer periods of degradation, the water uptake increases up to a maximum of about 900%.