Analysis by GLC of the (S)-2-octyl glycosides confirmed

that the absolute configuration of RhaN3N in E. coli O119 should be revised from d to l.”
“Structural, electrical, and magnetic properties of epitaxial thin films of Fe1.5Ti0.5O3-delta grown by pulsed laser deposition on SrTiO3(001) have been studied. For all the investigated range of preparation conditions, the thin films are single phase. The films prepared using oxygen pressure P-O2 above 3 X 10(-7) Torr presents a R((3) over bar )c symmetry structure. A single phase with the R((3) over bar) symmetry is obtained for the substrate temperature T-s = 730 degrees C and P-O2 = 2.6 X 10(-7) Torr. This sample showed a ferrimagnetic behavior with Curie temperature T-c above room temperature, with a high magnetic moment of 0.6 mu(B)/formula ARN-509 order at 300 K. The film containing the disordered R((3) over bar )c phase is weakly ferromagnetic, with a spin glass-like signature. Optical properties seem to be governed more by the oxygen vacancies

selleck kinase inhibitor induced during the growth, than by the atomic ordering of titanium. (C) 2010 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3501104]“
“Background: Prospective cohort studies in Japanese populations have shown an inverse association between dietary protein and stroke risk. However, this association has not been examined among any study populations of US men.

Objective: Our objective was to examine the relation between dietary protein and risk of stroke in men who participated in the Health Professionals Follow-Up Study.

Design: A total of 43,960 men

who were free of cardiovascular disease and cancer at baseline were included in the analysis. Dietary protein (total, animal, and vegetable) was assessed with the use of a food-frequency questionnaire at 5 time points during the follow-up period of 1986-2004. Cox proportional hazards models were used to calculate multivariate relative risks and 95% CIs, which represented the effect of the substitution of protein for an equal percentage of energy from carbohydrate.

Results: During 18 y of follow-up there were 1057 incident stroke events (638 ischemic, 171 hemorrhagic, and 248 of unknown type). For total stroke, the relative risk for the top quintile of percentage energy from protein compared with the Adavosertib cell line bottom was 1.14 (95% CI: 0.90, 1.43; P for linear trend: 0.43) for total protein, 1.11 (95% CI: 0.87, 1.41; P for linear trend: 0.52) for animal protein, and 0.82 (95% CI: 0.60, 1.12; P for linear trend: 0.17) for vegetable protein. The results were similar when ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke subtypes were considered separately.

Conclusion: In contrast to studies in Japanese populations, this study did not show a statistically significant association between total, animal, or vegetable protein and risk of stroke in this population of US men. Am J Clin Nutr 2010; 91: 39-45.

We show that additional cosine and sine terms act, respectively, by modulating the global resistance and by changing the Josephson coupling

of the mixed superconductive-normal states. First, the approach is applied to simulate the transition in disordered granular superconductors with the weak-links characterized by nonsinusoidal current-phase relation. In granular superconductors, the emergence of higher-order harmonics affects the slope of the transition. Then, arrays of intrinsic Josephson junctions, naturally formed by the CuO2 planes in cuprates, are considered. The critical temperature suppression, JNK-IN-8 observed at values of hole doping close to p=1/8, is investigated. Such suppression, related to the sign change and modulation of the Josephson coupling across the array, is quantified in terms of the intensities of the first and second sinusoids of the current-phase relation. Applications are envisaged for the design and control of quantum devices based on stacks of intrinsic Josephson junctions. (C) 2010 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3525984]“
“Previous Galardin datasheet reports suggest cryoglobulinemia might influence the hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection clinical course and treatment response but

this association has not been thoroughly evaluated. We aimed to assess the relationship between cryoglobulinemia and sustained viral response (SVR) in patients treated for HCV infection. We included patients with HCV infection treated

from January 2003 through December 2006. Biochemical analyses, detection cryoglobulinemia, and liver biopsies were performed prior to treatment. Genotype 1 or 4 infections received Peg-interferon (IFN) alpha-2a or -2b for 48 weeks; genotypes 2 or 3 received IFN alpha for 24 weeks. All patients also received ribavirin. Of 3-MA in vivo 329 enrolled patients, 242 (73%) were male and the median age was 43 years. Cryoglobulinemia was detected in 196 (59.6%) patients; liver biopsy was performed in 301. Multivariate analysis showed an association of cryoglobulinemia with severe active necroinflammation (A3) (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]= 9.48; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.50-59.92) and rheumatoid factor (RF) level (AOR= 1.01; 95% CI: 1.00-1.02). Variables associated with advanced fibrosis were age, aspartate aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase levels, alcohol use, and presence of diabetes. Variables independently associated with SVR were cryoglobulinemia (AOR= 2.33, 95% CI: 1.26-4.32), absence of cirrhosis (AOR= 4.5, 95% CI: 1.4-14.80), and RF level (AOR= 1.008, 95% CI: 1.001-1.014). Our findings suggest cryoglobulinemia is associated with severe necroinflammatory activity in HCV-infected patients.

Genetic polymorphisms

in activating and detoxifying enzymes determine, in part, the extent of cellular stress. click here A cascade of events, where the pathogenetic relevance of single steps is likely to vary from drug to drug, leads to the disturbance of cellular homeostasis, to mitochondrial dysfunction, to the activation of cell death promoting pathways and the release of drug-modified macromolecules and/or danger signals that initiate an innate and/or adaptive immune response. The patient’s response to the initial drug-induced cellular dysfunction determines whether adaptation to the drug-induced cellular stress or DILI in one of its many forms of clinical presentation

occurs. Although risk factors for developing DILI have been identified and many pathogenetic mechanisms have been elucidated in model systems, idiosyncratic drug reactions remain unpredictable.”
“Purpose: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of stent-assisted embolization of ruptured wide-necked intracranial aneurysms during acute subarachnoid hemorrhage AZD5582 (SAH).

Materials and Methods: Institutional review board approval for this retrospective study was obtained; the need to obtain informed consent was waived. Results in 61 consecutive patients ( 20 men, 41 women; mean age, 55.1 years; range, 26-83 years) with acutely ruptured wide-necked intracranial aneurysms who were treated with stent-assisted coil embolization were evaluated. The mean length high throughput screening of angiographic follow-up was 12.1 months (range, 0-52 months). Statistical analysis was performed to determine whether the features of the patient and the ruptured aneurysm affected the primary angiographic result or the patient’s clinical outcome. Categoric and dichotomous variables were examined with the chi(2) test

or the Fisher exact test; the Mann-Whitney U test and Kruskal-Wallis one-way analysis were used to compare continuous-scale data for non-normally distributed variables.

Results: The technical success rate was 72% (44 of 61). The technique-related complication rate was 21% (13 of 61), and the 30-day mortality rate was 20% (12 of 61). There was only one case of rebleeding, and clinical outcome was good for the majority of the patients (69% [42 of 61] had Glasgow Outcome Scale scores of 4 or 5 at the end of the study period).

Conclusion: Stent-assisted coil embolization is a feasible method for the endovascular treatment of wide-necked intracranial aneurysms that are difficult to treat surgically or with balloon-assisted embolization during acute SAH. The risk of subsequent rerupture of the aneurysm seems to be reduced for aneurysms treated early compared with that for nonsecured aneurysms.

gingivalis-accelerated atherosclerosis.”
“A 68-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital because of back pain and syncope. Transthoracic echocardiography revealed pericardial effusion, a collapsed right ventricle, a giant aneurysm connected to the coronary sinus, a dilated left main trunk coronary artery, and a dilated left circumflex artery (LCx). Furthermore, there was a coronary artery fistula arising from the LCx that drained into the coronary sinus. We diagnosed cardiac tamponade due to rupture of the coronary

artery fistula or giant aneurysm, and successful emergency surgery was performed. Rupture of coronary artery aneurysm or coronary artery fistula is very rare. Transthoracic two-dimensional echocardiography was very useful in our case for the diagnosis of cardiac tamponade, giant coronary aneurysm, and coronary artery fistula.”
“Typically, chemopreventive agents involve either Compound C manufacturer induction of phase II detoxifying enzymes and/or inhibition of cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYPs) that are required for the activation of procarcinogens. In this study, we investigated the protective effects of phloretin against aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) activation to the ultimate carcinogenic intermediate, AFB1-8, 9-epoxide (AFBO), and its subsequent detoxification. Phloretin markedly inhibited formation of the epoxide BTK inhibitor with

human liver microsomes in a dose-dependent manner. Phloretin also inhibited the activities of nifedipine oxidation

and ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase (EROD) in human liver microsomes. These data show that phloretin strongly inhibits CYP1A2 and CYP3A4 activities, which are involved in the activation of AFB1. Phloretin increased glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity of alpha mouse liver 12 (AML 12) cells in a dose-dependent manner. GST activity toward AFBO in cell lysates treated with 20 mu M phloretin was 23-fold that of untreated control cell lysates. The expression of GSTA3, GSTA4, GSTM1, GSTP1 and GSTT1 was induced by phloretin in a dose-dependent manner in AML 12 cells. GSTP1, GSTM1, and GSTT1 were able to significantly increase the conjugation of AFBO with glutathione. Concurrently, induction of the GST isozyme genes was partially associated with the Nrf2/ARE pathway. Taken together, the results Smad inhibitor demonstrate that phloretin has a strong chemopreventive effect against AFB1 through its inhibitory effect on CYP1A2, CYP3A4, and its inductive effect on GST activity.”
“The occasional presence of relatively high amounts of natural estrogens in milk and milk derivatives and the abusive or illegal use of synthetic estrogens in dairy practices have become causes for concern, since intake of these hormones is associated with illnesses or disorders. Development of methodologies that confirm or deny the presence of natural and synthetic estrogens, their metabolites and other compounds with estrogenic activity is very important.

“
“Background-There is scant evidence on the effect that chronic kidney disease

(CKD) confers on clinically meaningful outcomes among patients with heart failure with preserved left ventricular Copanlisib molecular weight ejection fraction (HF-PEF).

Methods and Results-We identified a community-based cohort of patients with HF. Electronic medical record data were used to divide into HF-PEF and reduced left ventricular EF on the basis of quantitative and qualitative estimates. Level of CKD was assessed by estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and by dipstick proteinuria. We followed patients for a median of 22.1 months for outcomes of death and hospitalization (HF-specific and all-cause). Multivariable Cox regression estimated the adjusted relative-risk of outcomes by level of CKD, separately for HF-PEF and HF with reduced left ventricular EF. We identified 14 579 patients with HF-PEF and 9762 with HF with reduced left ventricular EF. When compared with patients with eGFR between 60 and 89 mL/min per 1.73 m(2), lower eGFR was associated with an independent graded increased risk of death and hospitalization. For example, among patients with HF-PEF, the risk of death was nearly double for eGFR 15 to 29 mL/min per 1.73 m(2) and 7x higher for eGFR<15 mL/min per 1.73 m(2), with similar findings in those with HF with reduced left ventricular EF.

Conclusions-CKD is common

and an important independent predictor of death and hospitalization in EGFR inhibitor adults with HF across the spectrum of left ventricular systolic function. Our study highlights the need to develop new and effective interventions selleck inhibitor for the growing number of patients with HF complicated by CKD.”
“OBJECTIVE: To estimate if cerclage prevents preterm birth and

perinatal mortality and morbidity in women with previous preterm birth, singleton gestation, and short cervical length in a meta-analysis of randomized trials.

DATA SOURCES: MEDLINE, PUBMED, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library were searched using the terms “”cerclage,”" “”short cervix,”" “”ultrasound,”" and “”randomized trial.”"

METHODS OF STUDY SELECTION: We included randomized trials of cerclage in women with short cervical length on transvaginal ultrasonography, limiting the analysis to women with previous spontaneous preterm birth and singleton gestation.

TABULATION, INTEGRATION, AND RESULTS: Patient-level data abstraction and analysis were accomplished by two independent investigators. Five trials met inclusion criteria. In women with a singleton gestation, previous spontaneous preterm birth, and cervical length less than 25 mm before 24 weeks of gestation, preterm birth before 35 weeks of gestation was 28.4% (71/250) in the cerclage compared with 41.3% (105/254) in the no cerclage groups (relative risk 0.70, 95% confidence interval 0.55-0.89). Cerclage also significantly reduced preterm birth before 37, 32, 28, and 24 weeks of gestation. Composite perinatal mortality and morbidity were significantly reduced (15.6% in cerclage compared with 24.

TLC was used to identify any possibility of degradation during preparation and optimize melting temperature for melt dispersion batches, which was supported by FTIR and DSC, showing absence

of chemical interaction between the drug and carrier. XRD showed that GLZ was converted to amorphous form. Enhancement in dissolution was found more prominent with melt dispersions compared to solvent evaporation and physical mixtures. In vivo pharmacodynamic bioavailability study was performed for 28 days on alloxan induced diabetic wistar rats. Blood glucose levels were evidently lowered and controlled by SD compared to GLZ alone.”
“Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are chronic, progressive and lethal lung diseases. The incidence of IPF and COPD increases with age, independent FK228 inhibitor of exposure to common environmental risk factors. At present, there is limited understanding

of the relationship between ageing and the development of chronic lung diseases. One hypothesis is that chronic injury drives to exhaustion the local and systemic repair responses in the lung. These changes are accentuated GSK3326595 ic50 during ageing where there is a progressive accumulation of senescent cells. Recently, stem cells have emerged as a critical reparative mechanism for lung injury. In this review, we discuss the repair response of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (B-MSC) after lung injury and how their function is affected by ageing. Our own work has demonstrated a protective role of B-MSC in several animal models of acute

and chronic lung injury. We recently demonstrated the association, using animal models, between age and an increase in the susceptibility to develop severe injury and fibrosis. At the same time, we have identified functional differences between B-MSC isolated from young Crenigacestat solubility dmso and old animals. Further studies are required to understand the functional impairment of ageing B-MSC, ultimately leading to a rapid stem cell depletion or fatigue, interfering with their ability to play a protective role in lung injury. The elucidation of these events will help in the development of rational and new therapeutic strategies for COPD and IPF.”
“Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of tuberculosis (TB), has developed various mechanisms to survive and cause disease in the human host. Incomplete understanding of the complex microbe-host interactions has hindered the identification of suitable biomarkers to expedite the development of diagnostic tools, drugs and vaccines. The field effectiveness of directly observed therapy-short course has been compromised by the intrinsic limitations of sputum microscopy and suboptimal adherence to the long duration of treatment amid the HIV-TB syndemic and various socioeconomic constraints.

The 3D scans were superimposed to determine postinjection changes in volume and thickness. Results Although there was little change in the noninjected side over the experimental period, the mean volume and thickness of the injected side Pexidartinib at each time point clearly and statistically significantly decreased between preinjection and 4, 8, and 12weeks postinjection. Conclusion Unilateral BoNT-A injection appears to be an effective esthetic treatment for patients with muscle-induced facial asymmetry.”
“Background: Ventriculostomy-associated infections are a serious

complication of external ventricular drains. The objective of this study was to analyze the clinical features of and risk factors for such infections.

Methods: PXD101 We retrospectively collected demographic and clinical

data on patients with indwelling ventriculostomy catheters hospitalized in a teaching hospital from July 2001 to June 2006, comparing those with and without ventriculostomy-associated infections.

Results: A total of 197 drains (2910 catheter-days) placed in 155 patients were studied. Infections developed in 28 of the 197 (14.2%) drains. The duration from insertion to infection ranged from 7 to 36 days. The cut-off point of duration from insertion to infection was 15.5 days. Re-insertion because of catheter malfunction carried a high risk of infection (p < 0.001). Patients with infections had a longer intensive care unit stay (p = 0.001), longer duration of catheterization BMN 673 (p = 0.002), and a higher incidence of concurrent sepsis (p = 0.018), urinary tract infection (p = 0.011) and pneumonia (p = 0.004). Gram-negative bacilli were the leading pathogens

(84%); Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the most common isolate. Polymicrobial infections occurred later than monomicrobial infections (p = 0.003).

Conclusions: Repeated insertion and longer duration of drains are major risk factors for ventriculostomy-associated infections. Crown Copyright (C) 2009 Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of International Society for Infectious Diseases. All rights reserved.”
“Objectives. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the volumetric changes of the maxillary sinus graft in conjunction with buccal fat pad (BFP) covering the lateral sinus wall.

Study design. In this article, the radiographic results are presented on 11 consecutively treated patients using an equal mixture of the autogenous bone harvested from the tuberosity and natural bone mineral (Bio-Oss) used to augment the maxillary sinus. Buccal fat pad was used over the lateral sinus wall in all cases as a membrane to cover the augmentation material. The mean initial bone height (IBH) was 3.82 mm as measured in the posterior maxilla. Three months after sinus elevation, radiographic evaluation was performed for the patients and secondary bone height was measured (SBH(1)). Fifty-two implants were placed in augmented sinuses. Prosthetic rehabilitation of the patients was done 4 months after inserting the implants.

However, little is known about the

mechanisms of action behind the effects of acupuncture. A biomedical database search for articles in the English-language literature revealed studies examining the effect of acupuncture on fibroblast cells, a decrease of inflammatory cytokines, an increase GF120918 molecular weight of T-lymphocytes, and increasing adenosine, neuropeptides, opioid peptides, peptide hormones, and stem cells. This limited review attempts to reveal some possible mechanisms of action for the effects of acupuncture for symptom relief in the oncology setting.”
“Polyaniline functionalized with imidazole as strategically designed receptor group in its backbone was synthesized for copper binding. The synthesized polymer has been characterized using FTIR, NMR, and UV-Vis spectroscopic techniques. The addition of copper (II) to the polymer distinctly changes the properties such as crystallinity, molecular weight, aggregation, and electronic properties. XRD, DLS, SEM, and four-point probe techniques have been used for study of these changes. It is observed that the secondary ion generated as a result of copper coordination results in the doping of the polyaniline backbone, which enhances the conductivity by one order of magnitude. (C) 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 123: 526-534,

2012″
“Gas exchange in plants is controlled by guard cells, specialized cells acting as turgor pressure-driven valves. Malate is one of the major anions accumulated inside the vacuole during stomatal opening counteracting the positive charge of potassium. AtALMT6, a member of the aluminum-activated malate transporter family, is expressed click here in guard cells of leaves and stems as well as in flower organs of Arabidopsis thaliana. An AtALMT6-GFP JQ1 Epigenetics inhibitor fusion protein was targeted to the vacuolar membrane both in transient and stable expression systems. Patch-clamp experiments on vacuoles isolated from AtALMT6-GFP over-expressing Arabidopsis plants revealed large inward-rectifying malate currents only in the presence of micromolar cytosolic calcium concentrations. Further analyses showed that vacuolar pH and cytosolic malate regulate the threshold

of activation of AtALMT6-mediated currents. The interplay of these two factors determines the AtALMT6 function as a malate influx or efflux channel depending on the tonoplast potential. Guard cell vacuoles isolated from Atalmt6 knock-out plants displayed reduced malate currents compared with wild-type vacuoles. This reduction, however, was not accompanied by phenotypic differences in the stomatal movements in knock-out plants, probably because of functional redundancy of malate transporters in guard cell vacuoles.”
“There is growing interest in mind-body therapies as adjuncts to mainstream cancer treatment, and an increasing number of patients turn to these interventions for the control of emotional stress associated with cancer.

Methods and results: In 1965, at the time of the 5-year follow-up examination of the Italian Rural Areas of the Seven Countries Study, the diet was assessed by the dietary-history Selleck AS1842856 method in 1139 men aged 45-64 years, free from previous coronary events, in the rural communities of Crevalcore (Northern Italy) and Montegiorgio (Central Italy). MAI has been computed and its natural log (lnMAI) used for the analysis. Mortality data were collected and coded for the subsequent 40 years. The lnMAI

was inversely associated with CHD mortality at 20 and 40 years when entered alone in the Cox proportional hazards model and when adjusted for age, cigarette smoking, systolic blood pressure, PF-03084014 in vivo serum cholesterol, physical activity and body mass index. The hazard ratio for 1 unit of lnMAI (roughly corresponding to 2.7 units of MAI) was associated with a CHD mortality reduction of 26% in 20 years and 21% in 40 years of follow-up, when adjusted for the covariates.

Conclusions: In an Italian middle-aged male population, MAI showed the protective effect of a healthy Mediterranean Diet pattern versus the occurrence of fatal CHD events at 20 and 40 years. (c) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All

rights reserved.”
“Intense green upconversion emission in Ho:Yb:Gd2O3 spherical nanoparticles is reported through hetrolooping enhanced energy transfer process. Different techniques used for structural characterization divulge the formation of spherical Ho:Yb:Gd2O3 crystals of diameter similar to 100 nm. Efficient energy transfer from Yb3+ -> Ho3+ ions set spherical nanocrystal to emit in the range of UV-NIR via three NIR photons absorption process. Power dependence and the temporal evolution of upconversion emission intensity suggest the occurrence of a photon avalanche Bafilomycin A1 nmr process. The enhancement in emission intensity in nanophosphor sample has been explained

and the photophysics involved is correlated with the unique structural properties of the crystallites formed and the time resolved spectroscopy. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3622624]“
“Integrins may undergo large conformational changes during activation, but the dynamic processes and pathways remain poorly understood. We used molecular dynamics to simulate forced unbending of a complete integrin alpha(V)beta(3) ectodomain in both unliganded and liganded forms. Pulling the head of the integrin readily induced changes in the integrin from a bent to an extended conformation. Pulling at a cyclic RGD ligand bound to the integrin head also extended the integrin, suggesting that force can activate integrins.

Methods: Male Wistar rats were administered orally 20(S)-protopanaxatriol

or its epimeric derivatives for 7 days. Four days after treatment, all rats, except those in the control group, were subcutaneously injected with isoproterenol (20 mg/kg) for 3 consecutive days. Two hours after selleck kinase inhibitor the last isoproterenol injection, the rats were anaesthetized and sacrificed. The biochemical parameters were assayed and pathological examination of the heart tissues was performed.

Results: Administration of PT and PTD1 resulted in a reduction in creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase. PT and PTD1 inhibited not only the elevation of malondialdehyde content, but also the reduction of superoxide dismutase activity, glutathione peroxidase and total antioxidant capacity. The pathohistological changes induced by isoproterenol were also ameliorated by PT and PTD1.

Conclusion: The present findings suggest that PT and PTD1 exerted

cardioprotective effects against myocardial ischemic injury by enhancing the anti-free-radical actions of heart tissues. Furthermore the results indicated that the configuration of C-24 of the funan ring was involved in the pharmacological action of the epimeric derivatives of 20(S)-protopanaxatriol.”
“OBJECTIVE: To estimate the rates of early neonatal and maternal complications in a consecutive series of successful Kielland’s rotational forceps deliveries.

METHODS: DZNeP clinical trial This was a retrospective cohort study of consecutive cases of successful rotational forceps deliveries performed in singleton pregnancies at 36 weeks of gestation or more in a CT99021 tertiary referral center in Scotland, UK, from 2001 to 2008 (n=873). We also compared outcomes associated with successful rotational forceps deliveries in 2008 (n=150) with those of nonrotational forceps delivery (n=873), ventouse delivery (n=159), spontaneous vertex delivery (n=3,494), and emergency cesarean delivery (n=947).

RESULTS: There was one stillbirth associated with a rotational forceps delivery. This was diagnosed before application of forceps. After rotational forceps deliveries, 58 of

872 (6.7%) of live-born neonates were admitted to the neonatal unit. Twenty-seven of 872 (3.1%) neonates had one or more complications that could be attributable to traumatic delivery and seven neonates (0.8%) had a diagnosis of neonatal encephalopathy. When compared with alternative methods of delivery over a single year, neonatal admission rates after delivery by rotational forceps deliveries (5 of 150 [3.3%]) were not significantly different from spontaneous vertex delivery (128 of 3,494 [3.7%; P=1.00]) or ventouse delivery (6 of 159 [3.8%; P=1.00]) and lower than emergency cesarean delivery (106 of 947 [11.2%; P=.002). Postpartum hemorrhage rates after rotational forceps deliveries (8 of 150 [5.3%; P=.008]) were lower than those associated with emergency cesarean delivery (142 of 947 [15.0%; P=.008]).